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- Presents standard line of treatment with discussion of atypical cases
- Covers the most controversial topics in cerebrovascular surgery with regards to patient management
- Multimedia files offer a first-hand cases visualization to readers
his is a comprehensive book on ophthalmic product development, addressing physiology and anatomy, disease conditions, and formulation development. The book has a primary focus on the front of the eye products, while addressing the key back of the eye products (e.g., injectable implants). Although products are intended for the local effects, drug pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and pharmacodynamics are rather complex, and often influenced by the drug and excipients. Therefore, the book includes chapters on ocular pharmacokinetic principles, influence of formulation ingredients and disease conditions on pharmacokinetics, and the relationship between drug pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. The drug products intended for the eye including solutions, suspensions, emulsions, and slow release products are addressed in several chapters, with a key focus on principles of product development, while considering the eye physiology and pathology. Table of Contents- Introduction and History of Ophthalmic Product Development
- Ocular Surface Anatomy and Physiology: Impact on Product Development
- Anatomy and Physiology of the Anterior Chamber: Impact on Product Development
- Back of the Eye Anatomy and Physiology: Impact on Product Development
- Physicochemical and Biological Fundamentals for Drug Delivery to the Eye
- Transcorneal Kinetics of Topical Drugs and Nanoparticles
- Topical Ophthalmic Dosage Form Development: Key Components and Critical Quality Attributes
- Intraocular Injectable Dosage Form Development: Key Components and Critical Quality Attributes
- Microbiological Considerations for Ophthalmic Products: Sterility, Endotoxin Limits, and Preservatives
- Packaging Development: Multi-Dose Container Closure for Preservative Free Products, Extractable/Leachables from Packaging, New Technologies
- Liquid Ophthalmic Drug Products: Physicochemical Properties, Formulations, and Manufacturing Considerations
- Ocular Suspension and Nanosuspension Products: Formulation Development Considerations
- Emulsions for Topical Eye Delivery: State of the Art and Future Perspectives
- Microparticle Products for the Eye: Preformulation, Formulation, and Manufacturing Considerations
- Nanoparticle Products for the Eye: Preformulation, Formulation, and Manufacturing Considerations
- Advanced Hydrogel Formulations for the Eye
- Ophthalmic Product Development for Biologics
- Implantable Devices to Treat Ophthalmic Conditions: Drug Delivery Systems
- Development of Artificial Tears Products for Ocular Conditions
- Approval of Topical Ophthalmic Generic Products in the USA: Simple to Complex Dosage Forms and Establishing Equivalency
- The Development and Commercialization of Sustained-Release Ocular Drug Delivery Technologies
- Manufacturing Considerations and Challenges for AAV Ocular Gene Therapy
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