The expanded guide to cardiac mapping The effective diagnosis and treatment of heart disease may vitally depend upon accurate and detailed cardiac mapping. However, in an era of rapid technological advancement, medical professionals can encounter difficulties maintaining an up-to-date knowledge of current methods. This fifth edition of the much-admired Cardiac Mapping is, therefore, essential, offering a level of cutting-edge insight that is unmatched in its scope and depth. Featuring contributions from a global team of electrophysiologists, the book builds upon previous editions? comprehensive explanations of the mapping, imaging, and ablation of the heart. Nearly 100 chapters provide fascinating accounts of topics ranging from the mapping of supraventricular and ventriculararrhythmias, to compelling extrapolations of how the field might develop in the years to come. In this text, readers will find: - Full coverage of all aspects of cardiac mapping, and imaging
- Explorations of mapping in experimental models of arrhythmias
- Examples of new catheter-based techniques
- Access to a companion website featuring additional content and illustrative video clips
Cardiac Mapping is an indispensable resource for scientists, clinical electrophysiologists, cardiologists, and all physicians who care for patients with cardiac arrhythmias. Table of ContetnsContributors Part I - 1 History of Cardiac Mapping
Stephan Zellerhoff, Lars Eckardt, Gunter Breithardt - 2 Embryology, Anatomy and pathology of ventricular outflow tracts related to Cardiac Mapping and Arrhythmias
Bastiaan J.D. Boukens, Cristina Basso, Stefania Rizzo, Gaetano Thiene - 3 Arrhythmogenic venous extremity of the cardiac tube
Marco Galeazzi - 4 The Impact of Embryology and Anatomy on Cardiac Electrophysiology
Maxim Didenko and Fred Kusumoto - 5 Cardiac Morphology Relevant to Mapping
Niyada Naksuk, Vaibhav R. Vaidya, Nirusha Lachman, Samuel J. Asirvatham - 6 Anatomy of the Outflow Tract Region: Relevance to Arrhythmias and Catheter Ablation
Andres Enriquez, Jason Bradfield, Kalyanam Shivkumar and Fermin C Garcia MD - 7 Fundamentals of Cardiac Mapping
Fu Siong Ng, Caroline Roney, Chris Cantwell, Nicholas Peters - 8 Troubleshooting to Avoid Failed Ablation
Krishna Kancharla, Suraj Kapa, Samuel J. Asirvatham
Part II Imaging Technologies in Cardiac Mapping and Ablation - 9 Intracardiac echocardiography
Pasquale Santangeli, Mathew D. Hutchinson, David J. Callans - 10 Role of Cardiac CT Imaging to Guide Catheter Ablation of Arrhythmias in Complex Cardiac Morphologies.
Farhood Saremi - 11 Role of Cardiac MRI and LGE in Relation to Arrhythmias in Different Cardiomyopathies
John Duell and Timm Dickfeld - 12 Multimodal Imaging for Cardiac Mapping
Donald D. Hegland, Kevin P. Jackson and James P. Daubert - 13 Light and the Heart: Cardiac Optogenetics
Naim Shaheen, Amit Gruber, Lior Gepstein - 14 Cardiac Mapping and Imaging in Patient Selection for CRT: How to Identify Super-responders, Responders, and Non-responders
Bettina Kirstein, Christopher Piorkowski
Part III Advances in Technology - 15 Towards Non-invasive Mapping and Imaging of Cardiac Arrhythmias
Edgard Prihadi, Victoria Delgado, Jeroen J Bax - 16 New High Density and Automated Mapping Systems
Albert Y. Sun, Jonathan P. Piccini, and James P. Daubert - 17 The Non-invasive Body Surface Potential Mapping of Reentrant Drivers in Human AF
Ruairidh Martin, Meleze Hocini, Remi Dubois, Nicholas Derval, Pierre Jais, Michel Haissaguerre - 18 Electrophysiology of Heart Failure: Noninvasive Mapping of Substrate and Guidance of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy with Electrocardiographic Imaging (ECGI)
Yoram Rudy - 19 Contact Mapping and Ablation of Complex Cardiac Arrhythmias
Sanjiv M. Narayan, Junaid A. B. Zaman, Fatemah Shenasa, Tina Baykaner, and Wouter-Jan Rappel - 20 Advances in Atrial Fibrillation Ablation
Atul Verma, Mohammad Shenasa - 21 Integration of Contact Force into Mapping and Ablation Systems: Does it improve the results?
Waqas Ullah, Richard Schilling - 22 Advances in Molecular Imaging Relevant to Arrhythmias
Arnold F. Jacobson, Jagat Narula
Part IV Mapping in Experimental Models of Cardiac Arrhythmias - 23 Optical Mapping of Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ and Transmembrane Potential in the Intact Heart: Insights into Ca2+-mediated Arrhythmias
Lianguo Wang and Crystal M. Ripplinger - 24 Electrophysiological Substrates for Gender Difference in the Incidence of Torsades de Pointes Arrhythmias
Nabil El-Sherif, Herman D Himel, Yuan Yue, Mohamed Boutjdir, Mark Restive - 25 Rotors in Animal Models of Atrial Fibrillation
Omer Berenfeld, David Filgueiras-Rama, Makarand Deo - 26 Atrial Fibrillation from a Unipolar, High Resolution Perspective
Natasja M.S. de Groot, Maurits A. Allessie, Lisette J.M.E. van der Does, Ad J.J.C. Bogers - 27 Mechanisms Underlying Arrhythmogenesis in the J Wave Syndromes
Eleonora Savio-Galimberti, Mariana Argenziano, Charles Antzelevitch - 28 Relationship Between Cardiac Alternans, Calcium Cycling and Ventricular Arrhythmias
James N. Weiss, Zhilin Qu - 29 Fibrosis and Arrhythmogenesis
Andre G. Kleber and Michiel J. Janse - 30 Triggered Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias Initiated by Enhanced Late Inward Na and Ca Currents. Novel Therapeutic Targets
Hrayr S. Karagueuzian - 31 Experimental VT: A New Porcine model of Infarct-related Reentrant VT
Elad Anter, Andrew L. Wit, and Mark E. Josephson - 32 Experimental Mapping of Ventricular Arrhythmias: Intramural Pathways and Substrate
Nigel Lever, Ian LeGrice, Darren Hooks, Mark Trew, Bryan Caldwell, Bruce Smaill - 33 The Molecular Basis of Long QT type 2 (LQT2)-Related Arrhythmias: How Sex modifies the risk of Torsades de Pointes
Jan Nmec, Jong J Kim and Guy Salama - 34 Optical mapping of arrhythmogenic remodeling in the failing human heart
Fu Siong Ng, Jaclyn A Brennan, Igor R Efimov - 35 Optical Mapping of Successful and Failed Defibrillation
Kedar K. Aras, Bastiaan J. Boukens, Crystal M. Ripplinger, Christopher R. Gloschat, Igor R. Efimov - 36 Atrial Patterns of Neurally-Induced Repolarization Changes: Neuroablative Studies in Canines
Rene Cardinal and Pierre Page
Part V Mapping and Imaging in Atrial Fibrillation, Flutter, and Atrial Tachycardias - 37 Clinical Relevance of Functional Models of Atrial Reentry and Fibrillation
Stanley Nattel and Vincent Algalorrondo - 38 Rotor Mapping in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Sanjiv M. Narayan, Junaid A.B. Zaman, Tina Baykaner, Christopher A.B. Kowalewski, David Vidmar, Wouter-Jan Rappel - 39 Rotor Mapping and Ablation in Persistent Atrial Fibrillation
Yenn-Jiang Lin, Men-Tzung Lo, Li-Wei Lo, Fa-Po Chung, Shih-Ann Chen - 40 Mapping and Ablation of Atrial Flutter and its Variants
Gregory K. Feld, Jonathan Hsu, Gautam Lalani, Amir Schricker - 41 Mapping and Ablation of Left Atrial Flutter and Tachycardia: New Observations
Philipp Sommer, Gerhard Hindricks - 42 Mapping and Ablation of Atrial Tachycardia
Karoly Kaszala, Jayanthi Koneru, Kenneth A. Ellenbogen - 43 Image based Risk Stratification for Stroke in Atrial Fibrillation
Jorge Romero, David Briceno, Carola Gianni, Sanghamitra Mohanty, Andrea Natale, Mario Garcia and Luigi Di Biase - 44 Revisiting non-pulmonary vein triggers
Carola Gianni, Javier E Sanchez, Amin Al-Ahmad, Rodney P Horton, Patrick M Hranitzky, J David Burkhardt, Sanghamitra Mohanty, Chintan Trivedi, Luigi Di Biase, Andrea Natale - 45 Mechanisms of Antifibrillatory Agents for Atrial Fibrillation: Evidence Obtained from Experimental Models
Gerrit Frommeyer, Lars Eckardt - 46 Stepwise Approach to AF Mapping and Ablation in Persistent and long-standing persistent AF: Short- and Long-term results
Julia Vogler, Boris A. Hoffmann, Daniel Steven, Christian Meyer, Benjamin Schaeffer, Doreen Schreiber, Arian Sultan, Thomas Rostock, Stephan Willems - 47 Mapping and Ablation of the Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System to Treat Atrial Fibrillation
Stavros Stavrakis, Paul Garabelli, Benjamin J. Scherlag, Sunny S. Po - 48 Remodeling in Atrial Fibrillation: Novel Mapping Studies
Thomas H. Everett, IV, and Jeffrey E. Olgin - 49 MRI Mapping of Atrial Fibrosis and Atrial Fibrillation
Leenhapong Navaravong and Nassir F Marrouche - 50 Fibrotic atrial cardiomyopathy FACM - Implications for ablation of atrial fibrillation
Hans Kottkamp, Andreas Rieger, Fabian Moser, Doreen Schreiber - 51 Mapping and Ablation of the Left Atrial Appendage
Anthony J Choi and Moussa Mansour - 52 Electrogram-based mapping and ablation in atrial fibrillation
Ayman A. Hussein and Walid Saliba - 53 Phase Mapping of Human Atrial Fibrillation
Mohammed Saeed, Omer Berenfeld, Hakan Oral - 54 Trials on atrial fibrillation mapping and ablation
Antonio Sorgente, Riccardo Cappato
Part VI Mapping of Supraventricular Arrhythmias - 55 Entrainment Mapping in Supraventricular Tachycardias
John M. Miller, Rahul Jain, Gopi Dandamudi, Seeongwook Han, Thomas R. Kambur - 56 The Problematic Post-Pacing Interval
John M. Miller, Rahul Jain, Gopi Dandamudi, Seongwook Han, Thomas R. Kambur - 57 Mapping and Ablation of Typical and Atypical Accessory Pathways
James P. Daubert, and Edward Sze - 58 Pre-excited Atrioventricular Junctional Reentrant Tachycardia: Electrophysiologic Characteristics of the Reentrant Circuits
Mohammad-Reza Jazayeri, Mohammad-Ali Jazayeri - 59 Mapping and Ablation of AVNRT and its Variants: Current Understanding and Controversies
Demosthenes G. Katritsis, Mark E. Josephson - 60 Electrical Stimulation Maneuvers to Differentiate Different Forms Of Supraventricular Tachycardias
Kevin Ng, George J. Klein, Allan C. Skanes, Lorne J. Gula, Raymond Yee, Jaimie Manlucu, Peter Leong-Sit - 61 Mechanisms of Persistent Atrial Fibrillation: What do the Clinical Mapping Studies Teach Us?
Tomos E Walters, Geoffrey Lee, Jonathan M Kalman - 62 Imaging and Mapping of Arrhythmias in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Mark Link, Christopher Phelan, Mohamed Aljaabari, N. A. Mark Estes III - 63 Mapping and Ablation of Supraventricular Arrhythmias in Congenital Heart Disease
Paul Khairy - 64 Cardiac Mapping and Imaging: Arrhythmias in Patients with Congenital Heart Disease
Sabine Ernst
Part VII Mapping and Imaging of Ventricular Arrhythmias - 65 Mapping and ablation of ventricular tachycardia in normal hearts
David J. Callans, Fermin Garcia, Pasquale Santangeli - 66 The Combination of a Basket Catheter and Ensite Mapping System Improve Catheter Ablation of RV Outflow PVC
Takashi Tokano, Yuji Nakazato - 67 Mapping and Ablation of Ventricular Arrhythmias: Patients with Non ischemic Cardiomyopathy
Roy M. John, William G. Stevenson - 68 Mapping and Ablation of Ventricular Arrhythmias in Patients with Congenital Heart Disease
Elizabeth DeWitt, Edward P. Walsh - 69 Substrate Ablation for Ventricular Tachycardia in Structural Heart Disease
Jorge Romero, David Briceno, Carola Gianni, Sanghamitra Mohanty, J. David Burkhardt, Soo Kim, Amin Al-Ahamad, Andrea Natale, Luigi Di Biase - 70 Coronary Mapping and Ablation of Arrhythmias
Sercan Okutucu - 71 Endocardial Catheter Pace Mapping of Ventricular Tachycardias
Mithilesh K. Das, John M. Miller, Deepak Bhakta, Gopi Dandamudi, Thomas Kambur - 72 Resetting and Entrainment Phenomena: Application to Mapping of Ventricular Tachycardia
Mark Josephson, Jesus Almendral, Eduardo Castellanos, Teresa Barrio-Lopez, Mercedes Ortiz - 73 Mapping and Ablation of Idiopathic Ventricular Fibrillation
Ghassen Cheniti, Meleze Hocini, Nathaniel Thompson, Arnaud Denis, Josselin Duchateau, Ruairidh Martin, Masateru Takigawa, Antonio Frontera, Gregoire Massoullie, Konstantinos Vlachos, Takeshi Kitamura, Michael Wolf, Nicolas Derval, Frederic Sacher, Pierre Jais, Remi Dubois, Michel Haissaguerre - 74 Mapping and Ablation in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/ Cardiomyopathy: Epicardial and Endocardial Mapping and long-term results
Fabrizio Aziz And Harikrishnatandri - 75 Mapping and Ablation of Ventricular Arrhythmias in Patients with Cardiac Sarcoidosis
Matthew M. Zipse, Wendy S. Tzou, William H. Sauer - 76 Cardiac Mapping and Imaging in Patients with Ventricular Arrhythmias in Chagas Disease Undergoing Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia
Cristiano Faria Pisani, Mauricio Scanavacca, Andre D?Avila - 77 MRI Mapping of Ventricular Tachycardia in patients with Different Cardiomyopathies (ARVD, amyloidosis, etc.)
Jonathan Chrispin, Saman Nazarian - 78 Mapping and Ablation of Ventricular Arrhythmias of Unusual Sites
Srikant Duggirala, Edward P. Gerstenfeld - 79 Mapping and ablation of ventricular tachycardia in coronary artery disease
Tanyanan Tanawuttiwat, Joseph E Marine - 80 Epicardial Mapping in Different VT Substrates: Technique and Instrumentation, Short and Long-term Results
Henry H. Hsia, Zhenning Nie - 81 Usefulness of the 12-Lead ECG to Identify Epicardial Ventricular Substrate and Epicardial Ventricular Tachycardia Site of Origin
Victor Bazan, Francis E Marchlinski - 82 Mapping and Imaging of Fascicular Ventricular Tachycardia
Rakesh Latchamsetty, Frank Bogun - 83 Scar-related VT mapping and ablation using contrast-enhanced MRI
Antonio Berruezo, Juan Fernandez-Armenta, Diego Penela, Juan Acosta, Josep Brugada, Lluis Mont
Part VIII Future Directions and Technologies in Cardiac Mapping and Imaging of Cardiac Arrhythmias - 84 Myocardial Elastography
Elisa Konofagou - 85 Electromechanical Wave Imaging
Elisa Konofagou - 86 Principals of Diffusion Tensor Imaging Of the Myocardium: Clinical Applications
Mohammad Shenasa, Hossein Shenasa, Javad Rahimian - 87 Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Tractography of the Heart
Choukri Mekkaoui and David E. Sosnovik - 88 Molecular Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Cardiac Electrophysiology
David E. Sosnovik - 89 Real-Time MRI Mapping and Ablation
Sebastian Hilbert, Philipp Sommer, Ingo Paetsch, Cosima Jahnke, Gerhard Hindricks - 90 Robotic Navigation for Atrial Fibrillation: Mapping and Ablation
Jonathan S Steinberg, Robert Altman - 91 Mapping and Ablation in Patients with Vt Storm: Role of Neuraxial TherapeuticsOlujimi A. Ajijola, Kalyanam Shivkumar and Marmar Vaseghi
- 92 Appropriateness of Mapping and Imaging Modalities in Interventional Electrophysiology
Emily P. Zeitler & Sana M. Al-Khatib - 93 How to Avoid Complications of Mapping and Ablation
David E. Haines - 94 Summary and Consensus of Guidelines for Cardiac Mapping and Ablation
David Spragg and Hugh Calkins - 95 A Roadmap to a Noninvasive Radiosurgical Approach to Ablate the Pulmonary Vein Antra for an Effective Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation: Basic and Technical Principals
Javad Rahimian, Artour Torossian, Mohammad Shenasa - 96 Future of Cardiac Mapping
Douglas Packer, Deepak Padmanabhan - 97 The Evolution of Cardiac Mapping: Past, Present, Future
Mohammad Shenasa, Atul Verma, Kumaraswamy Nanthakumar
Index
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