- Covers highly clinically relevant diagnostic modality in a thorough yet compact style
- Rapidly increasing educational market in this diagnostic field
- Complex subject conveyed in simplified, portable format
The book provides an introduction to CMR imaging that is understandable and focused on the relevant information needed to using CMR imaging in clinical practice. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging has become an established imaging modality with an expanding range of clinical indications. While in the past the availability of CMR imaging was limited to a few specialist centres the method is becoming more widely available. Most clinicians therefore need to have a general understanding of the diagnostic information that can be obtained from CMR imaging, the indications for referral as well as contraindications and limitations of the method.
For cardiologists and radiologists in particular, CMR imaging will become a routine diagnostic tool and training curricula in Cardiology or Radiology reflect this trend by increasingly demanding training in CMR imaging.
Table of ContentsPreface.- Contributors.- Content.- Foreword.- Part I: How CMR works.- What’s inside the magnet and why?.- The MRI environment.- Protons & spins: The origin of the MRI signal.- Generating a signal: RF pulses and echoes.- Relaxation times, gradient echoes and spin echoes.- Making an image: Locating signals in space.- Image space and k-space.- Imaging parameters & image attributes.- Improving SNR with surface coils and coil arrays.- Pulse sequences and image contrast.- Gradient echo versus spin echo.- Image types: black blood vs. bright blood .- Dealing with cardiac motion: How do we image the beating heart?.- Dealing with respiratory motion.- Fast imaging: How do we speed up the image acquisition?.- Special pulse sequences for cardiac imaging.- Common artefacts.- Part II: How CMR is performed.- Basics.- The referral.- Indications, Contraindications and safety.- Setting up a CMR study.- MR methods.- Localising images and planning of standard views.- Anatomical & morphological imaging.- T1-weighted (black blood) imaging.- T2-weighted (black blood) imaging.- T2* relaxometry.- Cine imaging.- Myocardial tagging.- Phase contrast velocity encoding.- Contrast enhanced MR angiography.- Myocardial perfusion imaging.- Early and late gadolinium enhancement.- Coronary artery imaging.- Anatomy by CMR.- Cross-sectional anatomy.- Customised views.- Comparison with other imaging modalities.- The CMR report.- Basic approach to reporting CMR studies.- General observations.- Extra cardiac findings.- Cardiac findings.- Part III: Clinical Indications for CMR imaging.- Diseases of the aorta.- Heamatoma.- Ulceration.- Dissection.- Aneurysm.- Cardiomyopathies.- Dilated cardiomyopathy.- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.- Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy.- Left ventricular non-compaction.- Myocarditis.- Cardiac sarcoidosis.- Churg Strauss syndrome.- Amyloidosis.- Siderotic cardiomyopathy.- Tako Tsubo cardiomyopathy.- Pericardial disease.- Pericardial effusion.- Constrictive pericarditis.- Pericardial tumours.- Congenital abnormalities of the pericardium.- Cardiac tumours.- Benign lesions.- Malignant lesions.- Other masses & tumours.- Valvular heart disease.- Congenital valve disease.- Valve regurgitation.- Valve stenosis.- Prosthetic valves.- Vegetations.- Paravalvular abscesses.- Ischaemic heart disease.- Stress Myocardial perfusion imaging.- Stress Wall Motion Imaging.- CMR for assessment of viability.- Acute coronary syndromes.- Positive Cardiac Enzymes and Normal Coronary Arteries.- Basic congenital heart disease.- Coarctation.- Tetralogy of Fallots.- Transposition of great arteries.- Anomlaous coronaries.- Partial anomalous pulmonary venous return.- Pulmonary vein assessment.- Interventional CMR
